Sicily is the largest island in the Mediterranean. It is one of the autonomous regions of Italy. The region has an overall area of 25,708 square kilometres and a population of five million. The capital of Sicily is Palermo and the provinces are: Agrigento, Caltanissetta, Catania, Enna, Messina, Palermo, Ragusa, Siracusa and Trapani. Sicily's closest neighbour is Calabria, 3 kilometres to the east across the straits of Messina. The straits widen to about 16 kilometres at the southern end.
Throughout much of its history, Sicily has been a valuable prize, fought over by many warring nations, mainly due to its important position on the Mediterranean trade routes. Cicero described Siracusa as the greatest and most beautiful city of all Ancient Greece. Archimedes, one of the ancient world's greatest mathematicians, was a native Sicilian, born in the city of Siracusa.
Sicily has a rich and unique culture, particulary in the arts, music, literature, food, wine and architecture. The Sicilian economy is largely based on agriculture, and in particular orange and lemon orchards. More recently international tourists have begun to value the natural beauty of the Sicilian countryside. Sicily is also home to many historic sites such as the Valley of the Temples in Agrigento, the Greek theatre at Taomina and the Roman ruins at Siracusa. The great baroque cities of Ragusa, Modica and Noto are also well worth a visit.
Marsala, on the western side of the island, was the starting point for Guiseppe Garibaldi and his army of 'i Mille' (The Thousand) in their campaign to unify Italy, 'The Risorgimento'.
Sicily is well known as the home of one of Europe's most spectacular volcanoes. Mount Etna, rising to 3,320 metres, is the tallest, active volcano in Europe and one of the most active in the world. It is located near Catania on the eastern side of the island. The Aeolian Islands, to the north-east of Sicily, include Stromboli which is currently active, and also Vulcano, Vulcanello and Lipari which are all dormant.
Sicily is equally well known for organised crime. Epitomised by the Corleone family in the Godfather films, Cosa Nostra, the Sicilian Mafia, has played a significant part in Sicilian life since the mid 19th century. Their battle against the government reached a low point in 1998 when magistrates Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino were assassinated outside Palermo. The ensuing public outcry and subsequent government crackdown has severely restricted Cosa Nostra operations ever since.
Sicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, is a captivating region that embodies the essence of Italy's rich history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking landscapes. Located at the crossroads of Europe and Africa, this diverse region has been shaped by a multitude of civilizations throughout the centuries, resulting in a unique blend of influences that can be seen in its architecture, cuisine, and traditions. From ancient ruins and medieval towns to stunning coastlines and fertile plains, Sicily offers a wealth of experiences for travelers seeking an immersive and unforgettable journey.
Sicily's strategic location has made it a coveted prize for many civilizations throughout history. Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Normans, and Spanish have all left their mark on the island, shaping its cultural and historical landscape. The Valley of the Temples in Agrigento stands as a testament to Sicily's Greek heritage, with its well-preserved temples dedicated to various gods. The archaeological park of Syracuse showcases the remnants of ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, including the stunning Greek theater and the Ear of Dionysius, a cave with remarkable acoustics. Additionally, the Arab-Norman architecture in Palermo and Monreale, recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, exemplifies the island's diverse cultural influences.
Sicilian culture is a rich tapestry woven with influences from various civilizations. Its cuisine, in particular, is renowned for its flavors and variety. The island's fertile lands yield an abundance of fresh produce, resulting in delicious dishes that combine 色中色, Greek, Arab, and Spanish influences. Sample traditional Sicilian specialties such as arancini (fried rice balls), caponata (a sweet and sour eggplant dish), and cannoli (sweet pastries filled with ricotta). Sicilian craftsmanship is also highly regarded, with intricate ceramics, delicate lacework, and vibrant puppetry being notable examples. Visitors can explore traditional workshops in towns like Caltagirone and Taormina to witness the skilled artisans at work.
Sicily's architectural heritage is a testament to its rich history and cultural diversity. Norman and Arab styles dominate many of the island's structures, blending harmoniously with Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque elements. Palermo, the regional capital, boasts architectural wonders such as the Palermo Cathedral, a magnificent blend of Norman, Gothic, and Baroque styles, featuring stunning mosaics and royal tombs. The Cappella Palatina, within the Royal Palace of Palermo, showcases extraordinary Byzantine mosaics. The Cathedral of Monreale, with its breathtaking golden mosaics depicting biblical scenes, is considered one of the greatest examples of Norman architecture. The hilltop town of Erice, with its medieval streets and ancient fortifications, offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes, while the Baroque town of Noto dazzles with its ornate facades and grand piazzas.
Sicily's diverse geography is a playground for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. The island's coastlines are adorned with picturesque beaches and azure waters. Taormina, with its stunning views of the Ionian Sea and the towering Mount Etna, is a popular destination that combines natural beauty with ancient ruins, such as the Greek Theater. The Aeolian Islands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, offer a tranquil escape with their volcanic landscapes, hidden coves, and charming villages. Mount Etna, Europe's largest active volcano, is a major attraction, drawing visitors who want to witness its fiery eruptions and explore its lunar-like landscapes. Inland, the Madonie and Nebrodi mountain ranges provide opportunities for hiking, offering breathtaking vistas and encounters with quaint villages that seem frozen in time.
Sicily's vibrant festivals and traditions offer a glimpse into the island's lively spirit and deep-rooted customs. The Holy Week in Enna, known as the "Sicilian Jerusalem," is a deeply religious event, featuring processions and reenactments that depict the Passion of Christ. The feast of Saint Agatha in Catania is a grand celebration, honoring the city's patron saint with a spectacular procession and elaborate fireworks display. The Infiorata in Noto is a remarkable floral festival, where intricate designs made from colorful flower petals adorn the streets. The Carnival of Acireale showcases vibrant parades, costumes, and masks, while traditional puppet shows, known as Opera dei Pupi, are still performed in Palermo, preserving a centuries-old tradition.
Sicily is a region that captivates the imagination with its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning landscapes. Its ancient ruins, architectural marvels, and delectable cuisine offer a glimpse into the influences of various civilizations that have shaped the island over the centuries. From exploring archaeological treasures and indulging in mouthwatering delicacies to immersing oneself in vibrant festivals and basking in the beauty of its coastlines and mountains, Sicily offers a remarkable journey that combines the allure of the past with the wonders of the present. A visit to Sicily is an opportunity to delve into a region that seamlessly weaves together history, culture, and natural beauty, leaving travelers with indelible memories and a deep appreciation for this enchanting corner of Italy.
| 听 | High | Low | Sun | Rain |
| Jan | 9 | 2 | 3 | 55 |
| Feb | 11 | 3 | 4 | 53 |
| Mar | 13 | 4 | 5 | 63 |
| Apr | 17 | 7 | 6 | 55 |
| May | 21 | 11 | 8 | 35 |
| Jun | 25 | 15 | 9 | 44 |
| Jul | 28 | 17 | 10 | 34 |
| Aug | 28 | 17 | 9 | 54 |
| Sep | 25 | 14 | 7 | 61 |
| Oct | 20 | 11 | 6 | 74 |
| Nov | 15 | 8 | 4 | 71 |
| Dec | 12 | 3 | 3 | 77 |
| Table Key: High - Average monthly high temperatures Low - Average monthly low temperatures Sun - Average hours of sunshine per day Rain - Average monthly rainfall in mm |
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